REFERENCES
The Case For Chitin. Mark R. Harkness and Rachel Farnum (GE Global Research),
Brent Weesner and Damian Foti (GE Power Systems),
Wayne Wilke (Wilke Int’l), and Donovan Smith (JRW Bioremediation). Seventh
Int’l In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, Orlando, FL; 2003.

Assessment of Chitin and Fracture Propagation During Bio-Fracing™. Gordon H. Bures (Frac Rite), Kent S. Sorenson, Jr., and Jennifer P. Martin (North Wind), and Richard F. Reinke (Eco Scan). Fourth Int’l Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds. Monterey, CA 2004

Remediation of Mine-Impacted Water Using Crabshell Chitin as an Electron Donor and Alkalinity Source. Mary Ann Robinson-Lora and Rachel A. Brennan (Penn State University) Tenth Int’l In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium. Baltimore, MD; 2009

Enhanced Bioremediation Using ChitoRem™. Steven D. Buser, Mark J. Jordana, and Robert J. Lu (Golder Associates). Seventh Int’l Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds.
Monterey, CA; 2010

ChitoRem^® is a complex of materials that includes calcium carbonate for buffering and organics to promote microbial growth. This unique combination of materials allows ChitoRem^® to be used for the remediation of multiple types of environmental concerns including destruction of organics in the dissolved phase to the removal of metals.

LONG-LASTING • INHERENT BUFFERING AGENT
PERFECT FOR EXCAVATIONS AND ACID MINE DRAINAGE

BENEFITS LONG-LASTING Provides both a fast and slow release carbon source and nutrients. INHERENT BUFFERING AGENT Contains calcium carbonate which serves as a natural buffering agent for low pH applications. NICHE APPLICATION FOR ACID MINE DRAINAGE	USES CONTAMINANTS TREATED: Halogenated aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as PCE Oxidizers such as perchlorate Explosive and ordnance compounds such as RDX Reduction of metals, such as arsenic, chromium, uranium, and manganese. TREATMENT CONFIGURATIONS: Open excavation backfill Source treatment Permeable reactive barriers Bioreactor treatment Constructed wetlands DELIVERY METHODS: Direct push methods Hydraulic fracturing
FIELD STUDY RESULTS
CHITOREM® has been used successfully at PCE sites with low pH aquifers. At a field site with pH in the range of 4 -5.5, addition of CHITOREM® to the open excavation resulted in contaminant concentrations below MCLs in less than two years.
TYPICAL PROPERTIES Chitin (wt/wt): 10-30% Proteins (wt/wt): 5-50% Minerals (wt/wt): 20-60% Water (wt/wt): 10-20% pH: 7 ± 1.0 Solubility in water: non-soluble to slowly soluble Particle size: standard particle size is less than ¼ inch. Particles can be ground to order; please allow for 4 weeks after receipt of PO for special orders   HANDLING Store unopened under dry conditions at temperatures between 35°F and 85°F. Shelf life of unopened product is 2 years If kept dry, opened product can be stored for 1 year Equipment decontamination should follow site specific requirements. In most situations, any product residual should be flushed into the aquifer and then chased with clean water.   PACKAGING Boxes 50lbs 2-3 weeks lead time required past receipt of a PO Supersacks 1,000 - 1,600 lbs 2-3 weeks lead time required past receipt of PO

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