REFERENCES
Alternative Electron Donor Evaluation for Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation at INEEL Tamzen Wood (Northwind), Ryan Wymore (Northwind), Jennifer P. Martin (Northwind), Kent Sorenson (North Wind), and Brad Blackwelder (INEEL) Battelle, Seventh Int’l In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, Orlando, FL, June 2003.

Low-Cost Reductive Dechlorination of Chloroform
in a Fractured Bedrock Aquifer.
Bryon Dahlgren (Earth Tech),
David S. Woodward (Earth Tech), Mark S. Heaston (Earth Tech), and Steve Olp (Celanese) Battelle, Eighth Int’l In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, Baltimore, Maryland; June 2005

An Evaluation of Geochemical Conditions Necessary for the
Effective Treatment of Commingled Nitrate, Nitroaromatic, and Nitroazine Explosives in Groundwater
Mark S. Heaston (Earth Tech) and Lisa M.VanDyke (Earth Tech). Battelle, Fifth Int’l Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, CA,
May 2006.

Demonstration of Semipassive Electron Donor Addition for In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate. Thomas Krug, Evan E. Cox, David M. Bertrand, and Grant Scholes (GeoSyntec Consultants), and
Bryan Harre (Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center).

A form of WILCLEAR^® sodium lactate has been used for years as a food preservative. If you ate pre-prepared meat or mass produced bakery goods for lunch or dinner today, those foods most likely were treated with sodium lactate to give them a longer shelf life.

PROVEN • FAST • EFFECTIVE
RAPIDLY ESTABLISH REDUCING CONDITIONS

BENEFITS PROVEN Lactate is a proven technology and one of the most efficient electron donors available. FAST Lactate rapidly establishes anaerobic conditions needed for dechlorination. EFFECTIVE Lactate provides the perfect concentration of hydrogen needed for rapid dechlorination.	USES CONTAMINANTS TREATED: Chlorinated solvents Perchlorate RDX Reduction of metals TREATMENT CONFIGURATIONS: Source area treatment Biobarrier treatment Plume-wide treatment DELIVERY METHODS: Permanent injection wells Direct push methods
MICROCOSM STUDY RESULTS
Microcosm studies comparing WILCLEAR® to other soluble donors show that while all four donors stimulate complete dechlorination of PCE to ethene, WILCLEAR® and ethanol have the fastest dechlorination kinetics.
TYPICAL PROPERTIES Sodium lactate (wt/wt): 60 ± 1.2% Assay sodium (wt/wt): 12.3 ± 0.3% Water (wt/wt): 40 ± 1.2% pH: 7.5 ± 1.0 Specific gravity: 1.2 - 1.3 Soluble in water Color: Clear to light straw Viscosity: 100 cP at 68°F   HANDLING Store unopened under dry conditions at temperatures between 35°F and 85°F. Shelf life of unopened product is 2 years Opened product should be used within 30 days Diluted product should be used within 5 days to avoid microbial growth and activity which may cause gas buildups in containers and visible growth which may foul equipment. Following injection of material, wells should be flushed with clean water to prevent microbial growth. Equipment decontamination should follow site specific requirements. In most situations, any product residual should be flushed into the aquifer and then chased with clean water.   PACKAGING 5-gallon pails 55lbs 2-3 weeks lead time required past receipt of a PO 55-gallon polyethylene drums 606lbs 2-3 weeks lead time required past receipt of PO 265-gallon IBC totes 2899 lbs 2-3 weeks lead time required past receipt of a PO Tankers Special order - please contact us for specifics

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